Calf health
Best practice farms ensure their calves enjoy the best possible health by identifying risks, providing prophylactic health care management and ensuring responsive intervention, as soon as illness or injuries are identified.
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Council Directive 2010/63/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2010 on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes
This directive pertains to the protection of animals used for scientific purposes.
Report from EURCAWs meeting with National Reference Centres & Supporting Bodies
The three EURCAWs (EURCAW Ruminants & Equines, EURCAW Pigs, and EURCAW Poultry-SFA) hosted the second workshop with National Reference Centres for Animal Welfare and the Competent Authorities’ Supporting Bodies on 13 September 2022. In total 89 participants from 22 Member…
OLD-Council Directive 98/58/EC of 20 July 1998 concerning the protection of animals kept for farming purposes
This Directive lays down minimum standards for the protection of animals bred or kept for farming purposes.
Council Directive 2008/119/EC of 18 December 2008 laying down minimum standards for the protection of calves
This Directive lays down the minimum standards for the protection of calves confined for rearing and fattening.
Structural features of partitions between individually housed calves
It is common practice in the dairy sector to separate calves from their dam shortly after birth and to keep them in individual pens during the first weeks of life. This routine, however, disregards the social nature of bovine species…
Definition of levels of restriction of visual and tactile contact in pens for individually housing calves
Council Directive 2008/119/EC requires to allow direct visual and tactile contact between calves in individual pens. Depending on structural features of partitions between pens different levels of restriction of visual and tactile contact may be experienced by calves (e.g., contact…
Cow nutrition
Best practice farms optimise the performance of their cows by providing tailored nutrition, in a clean, safe and enriched environment which supports optimal health, welfare and human- animal interactions.
Cow infectious disease
Best practice farms optimise the health and welfare of their cows through veterinary consultation, planning and documenting their prophylactic and responsive health and medical management protocols.
